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Abstract
Background
Co-infection of HBV with HIV is associated with significant morbidity and mortality globally. In spite of increasing reports of HIV/HBV co-morbidities in Nigeria, little or no data exists on this subject in Anyigba. Therefore, we determined the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigenemia among HIV positive patients on anti-retroviral treatment programme in Anyigba, Kogi State, North-Central Nigeria.
Methods
Sera samples obtained from 200 consented HIV patients were screened for HBsAg using the commercial rapid test membrane-based qualitative immunoassay. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on patients' demographic variables and probable risk factors for HBV transmission.
Results
Overall, 3.5% of HIV patients were seropositive to HBsAg and the difference between seroprevalence rates and patients' age as well as gender was not statistically significant (p>0.05). There was significant difference between patients' demographic variables such as marital status (p=0.013) and educational level (p=0.004) and HBsAg seropositivity. Patients with a history of surgical applications (p=0.01) and who indulged in alcoholism (p=0.03) significantly had higher rates of concomitant HIV/HBV infection in the study area.
Conclusion
Our findings underscore the importance of routine screening for HBV in the HIV infected populations especially in developing countries where the infection is endemic. We advocate for public enlightenment programmes on routes of virus acquisitions with a view to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated HIV/HBV co-infection.
Keywords: HBV, HIV, co-infection, risk factors, Nigeria
Introduction
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most prevalent etiology of viral inflammation of the human liver. Globally, more than 2 billion people are infected with Hepatitis B virus, with approximately 360 million people being HBV carriers. sub-Saharan Africa alone has over 8% of the HBV carriers rate Namibian President, Osinbajo, Gowon, Obasanjo, Amosun Bid Adedeji Farewell Geingob: He was my mentor, brother and advocate of the economic independence of Africa Osinbajo: Adedeji was an unusual human being who contributed to the post-war planning, reconstruction of Nigeria's economy Femi Ogbonnikan in Abeokuta African leaders took turns to eulogise the erstwhile Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), and pioneer chairman of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC), late Prof. Adebayo Adedeji, at a funeral service in Ijebu-Ode, Ogun State, yesterday. Adedeji, who was the Asiwaju of Ijebuland, died on April 25 at age 87. Prominent leaders at the funeral service held at the Cathedral Church of Our Saviour Anglican Church, Ijebu-Ode, included President of Namibia, Hage Geingob; Vice-President Yemi Osinbajo; former Head of State, General Yakubu Gowon; former President Olusegun Obasanjo and Governor Ibikunle Amosun of Ogun State. They noted that the late Oshiomhole: We'll Crush rAPC Rebellion‌ Page 8 Adedeji dedicated his life positively to the service of Nigeria and the Africa continent in general. Osinbajo, in his tribute, recalled the immense contribution of the late Adedeji Continued on page 6 Saturday 7 July, 2018 Vol 23. No 8479 www.thisdaylive.com TR UT H & RE A S O N250 N Saraki: At the End of 1018 Days Tortuous Journey, I Have Been Vindicated Three years that would have been devoted to tackling issues affecting Nigerians wasted on malicious trial Prosecution failed to call material witnesses to support its case, says S’Court Atiku, Dogara, Ekweremadu hail judgement Deji Elumoye, James Emejo and Alex Enumah in Abuja, Hammed Shittu in Ilorin Just few hours after the Supreme Court discharged and acquitted him of alleged false asset declaration charges, Senate President, Bukola Saraki, in an emotion statement .Saturday 7th July 2018
How can you of all people come up with nonsense. I am not one to defend the player because we all know he is erratic and has previous history of being difficult to manage.
Ngbo, Waffiman abeg show me the issue that yoou claim is not a red herring
Is that his first cap was under a white coach?
Or that he had been balling the last 3 years at his club, and thus deserving of an opportunity that only the white coach gave?
If so where is his boy Rabiu, Abi didn't he too have talent? Most would say even more than Haruna, No? Where is the whiteman giving him his chance?
It is one thing for a young kid to misread his own personal circumstance, but when educated adults jump on it without review, now that is a travesty
However, Haruna is talking about being at the WC. When you look at the call ups prior to Lagerback been given the job, he was definitely not in the reckoning for the WC squad. Haruna is not talking about his debut, in fact, I reckon that he should be more peeved that he has not got as much caps since his debut given his ability.
Please do not even bring in the issue of what has he been balling because you are being disingenuous. The SE is characterised by the selection of players who do not even have clubs let alone playing. If Haruna sees players who are clubless and have not played competitive games at their clubs being called up to WC friendlies and qualifiers why should he not expect to be called up too?
Should Rabiu have been called up? IMHO. No. Should Haruna have been called up? IMHO, he should have gone to the ANC and the WC with Ajilore. I am still disappointed Ajilore is not at the WC. Does this have anything to do with race? IMHO No. Does this have anything to do with incompetent, greedy, corrupt, coaches working in a system that is morally bankrupt and corrupt? Yes.
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